US Air Force to Develop Tiny Chip for Brain-Like Intelligence in Drones

Researchers from the US Air Force and the University of Texas are working on a tiny chip, no larger than a grain of rice, that could bring brain-like intelligence to AI-powered drones without draining their batteries.

The innovation aims to solve one of the biggest challenges in drone technology: the high energy demands of artificial intelligence.

While AI can automate routine tasks and enable drones to fly independently or recognize objects, it typically requires significant power. Larger drones can rely on engines to meet these energy needs. Smaller drones run on batteries and struggle to handle the added load. In some cases, AI can cut flight time from 45 minutes to just four.

A team at the University of Texas, led by Suin Yi, is tackling this issue. They have received support from the 2025 Air Force Office of Scientific Research Young Investigator Program to develop a more energy-efficient AI system. Their goal is to build a chip that mimics how the brain works, only activating when needed, so that drones can operate longer and smarter.

Brain-inspired materials to save the power of drones

The project centers on materials called conducting polymer thin films. These materials can carry electricity and behave like brain cells under certain conditions. Though not widely used in AI systems today, they show promise for brain-like computing because of their low energy use and flexibility.

This method follows the principles of neuromorphic computing—a concept introduced in the 1980s by scientist Carver Mead. Neuromorphic computing aims to replicate how the brain processes information. Instead of running all the time like traditional computers, neuromorphic systems turn on only when needed, making them faster and more energy-efficient for specific tasks.

Interest in this approach is growing. In 2024, Intel launched Hala Point, a brain-inspired computer with over 1,000 AI chips. The system is said to operate 50 times faster than standard computing models.

Military investments boost neuromorphic tech

The US military is also investing in similar technologies. The Joint Artificial Intelligence Center is developing software and hardware that allow AI systems to share sensor data across connected devices. This could improve the way machines understand their surroundings, with early uses in robotics and wearable tech.

If the US Air Force and University of Texas team succeeds, miniature AI-powered drones could see a major leap in intelligence. They may soon navigate tight spaces, monitor remote locations, and fly longer—all while using less energy.

Researchers are pushing the boundaries of what small drones can achieve by combining smart materials with brain-inspired design.